STRESS

Volume 19(4); December 2011

Review Article

Pain Asymbolia: No Pain No Love: Song-Yi Kim*, Younbyoung Chae*^,&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):267-271. Published online December 30, 2011

361 View
5 Download

Abstract PDF: Pain has been defined as a conscious experience, an interpretation of the nociceptive input influenced by multiple components, including sensory-discriminative, affective-dimensional, and cognitive-evaluative. Pain asymbolia, one of neuropsychological disorders, is a condition in which pain is perceived, but does not cause suffering. We would like to explain the pain asymbolia from the perspective of neuropsychology. The current review summarized the existing brain lesion evidence for the anatomical basis of pain asymbolia. The somatosensory cortices are more involved in the perception of sensory features, whereas limbic and paralimbic regions, such as anterior cingulate cortex and insula, are associated with the emotional and motivational aspects of pain. The understanding of the neural substrates of pain processing and the neurological characteristics of pain asymbolia would help us to identify the putative anatomical basis of the neuropsychological disorder. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:267∼271)

Original Articles

Correlation of Stress and HRV in Korean between the Age 30s and 40s: Hyunmin Koh*, Ho Cheol Shin^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):273-279. Published online December 30, 2011

305 View
3 Download

Abstract PDF: There were many attempts to evaluate the correlation between stress and cardiovascular disease. It is important that stressful emotional status and process can impact on dynamic autonomic control of the heart. Subjects between the age of 30s and 40s were recruited from January to May of 2010. To examine the association of emotional stress and heart rate variability (HRV) we gathered life event stress scale scores, cognitive stress response scale scores, and HRV data using 5-minute electrocardiographic recordings of subjects. Cognitive stress score was inversely associated with three indices of HRV (SDNN, TP, and LF) significantly After adjusting for age, BMI. However, there was no significant relationship between life event stress score and HRV. We found cognitive stress had a significant correlation with SDNN as a predictive variable. Cardiac autonomic function had stronger relationship with the amount of cognitive stress, which is subjective to individual, than the amount of life event stress. Therefore cognitive stress can possibly be considered as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease. We suggest further studies about stress management to prevent cardiovascular disease and using HRV as a predictive marker. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:273∼279)

The Relationship between Acceptance, Posttraumatic Growth, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation: Kyung Park; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):281-292. Published online December 30, 2011

351 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: This study examined the relationship of acceptance, posttraumatic growth, depression, and suicidal ideation for the university students who experienced a traumatic event. Participants were 241 university students. The instruments of the study were scale of Acceptance coping in COPE, Acceptance Action Questionnaire, Posttrraumartic Growth Inventory, BDI, and Scale for Suicidal ideation. The result of correlation analysis between the variables advocated that acceptance coping, acceptance commitment behavior has significant negative correlations with suicidal ideation. And it was significantly correlated with closeness of interpersonal relationship among four posttraumatic growth scale and suicidal ideation, but spiritual change was not significant. Depression manifested strong relation with suicidal ideation among study variables. Effect of acceptance, posttraumatic growth, depression about suicide ideation were tested. The relationship between suicidal ideation and acceptance coping, acceptance commitment behavior reveled significant positive even though the history of suicide attempt was controlled. And suicidal ideation were explained well by posttraumatic growth, even though acceptance coping and acceptance commitment behavior affection on suicidal ideation was controlled. For the mediating effect, the result showed that the two variables, which were posttraumatic growth and depression, partially mediated the relationship between acceptance and suicidal ideation. Based on the results, psychotherapeutic implications were discussed. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:281∼292)

The Association of Mental Symptoms with Physical Symptoms through Student Health Examination among Elementary School Students at South-river Region in Seoul: Sun Mi Shin*, Sung Sook Cho^&#;, Hee Woo Lee^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):293-301. Published online December 30, 2011

294 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: We explored prevalence of symptoms, and association of mental symptoms with physical symptoms among elementary school students at South-river region in Seoul. The study population consisted of 1,636 schoolchildren (53.9% for boys and 46.1% for girls) in the 1st and 4th grades of 7 elementary schools receiving Student Health Examination in Seoul Metropolitan Children's Hospital in 2010. We used questionnaire, Medical History Form, developed by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. The questionnaire had 5 questions of mental symptoms and 22 questions of physical symptoms experienced during last one month. Students' parents or guardian filled out the Form. We conducted Chi-square, correlation and multiple logistic regression. Of students, 22.7% had one or more mental symptoms (25.8% for male and 19.1% for female, and 24.8% for the 4th grade students and 20.3% for the 1st grade). Students' most frequent mental symptom was hyperactivity (16.5% for male and 11.1% for female). 54.4% of students had one or more physical symptoms. The most frequent symptom was sneezing with watery nasal discharge (21.7%) among physical symptoms. Mental symptom cluster was also associated with physical symptom cluster (correlation coefficient 0.20~0.31). This coexistence strongly means that considerable physical symptoms are psychosomatic symptoms. The most associated physical symptom with mental symptoms was headache followed by short of breath during exercise, and getting bruises very easily on one's body. Therefore, it is essential to develop plans to manage symptoms and to use at school field for student's mental symptoms associated with physical symptoms especially for male and higher grade elementary students. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:293∼301)

Stress-induced Headache and Postural Control Disturbance Compared to Normal Population: Geun-Ho Lee; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):303-313. Published online December 30, 2011

300 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: Stress-induced tension-type headache (STH) is one of the most common types of headaches. They can be brought on- or triggered by stress and muscle strain. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients with STH have abnormalities of postural control, and to disclose any frequency shift of the centre of gravity while standing upright. Thirty patients with STH diagnosed by the International Headache Society Classification criteria and with tenderness in pericranial muscles were compared with age and sex matched controls. The questionnaires for stress amount were asked to both groups. All the subjects underwent balance measurements that included vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing, static and computerized dynamic posturography. Stress amount were significantly increased in the patient group. STH patients had reduced VEMP amplitudes compared to the controls. The spectral frequency analysis of body sway while standing upright was investigated. The sway distance and the sway area of center of foot pressure significantly increased in the patients with STH. Spectral frequency analysis showed a significant increase in spectral power below 1.00Hz frequency band. Computerized dynamic posturography showed decreased somatosensory ratio in the patients with STH. These findings suggest that stress may induce abnormal vestibulo-collic reflex and a significant proprioceptive disturbance in tension headache patients. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:303∼313)

The Effect of Stress Management Program for the Unemployed Individuals: Seong Kyeon Lim*, Jong-Min Woo^&#;,&#;, Jeong Ho Chae^&#;, Joo Eun Park^&#;, Soo Chan Choi^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):315-321. Published online December 30, 2011

290 View
4 Download

Abstract PDF: This study aims to assess the effect of stress management program for the unemployed individuals who visited Job Centers in Korea from 2010 to 2011. The authors provided counselling sessions to help the unemployed individuals to understand their stress level and to manage their stress especially related with the recent unemployment event and interpersonal problems, and to provide career counselling. We measured stress levels using the Modified Form of Stress Response Inventory (SRI-MF) and heart rate variability (HRV) to determine the effectiveness of the program. 6,804 unemployed individuals voluntarily participated in the program at twenty seven Job Centers nationwide. Results showed that the level of subjective stress levels were higher in women than men and were the highest in their twenties. Unemployed individuals recognized their stress levels higher when they attribute the cause of the unemployment event to the lack of their own ability than to the external causes. After completing the program, participants showed significantly lower SRI-MF scores (27.80±18.07 vs. 18.81±17.30) and higher score on the autonomic nervous system balance (13.62±20.05 vs. 19.75±23.23). The results suggest the clinical effectiveness of stress management programs aimed to the unemployed individuals. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:315∼321)

The Effects of Laughter Therapy on Stress Response and Coping for Specialized Burn Hospital Nurses: Eunyoung Oh*, Kyonghwa Kang^&#;,&#;, Ocklan Son*, Miae Wo*, Misuk Lee*, Sungjae Kim^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):323-331. Published online December 30, 2011

323 View
4 Download

Abstract PDF: This report investigates the effects of laughter therapy on stress response and coping for specialized burn hospital nurses that are frequently faced with stressful situations. An experimental group with treatment (18 nurses participating in the 60 minute laughter therapy once a week for 8 weeks) was compared to a control group with no specific treatment (17 nurses). In order to evaluate the effects of the laughter therapy, the stress response scale, the ways of coping scale and the serum cortisol were measured. There was a significant decrease in the serum cortisol level in the experimental group. The score of the experimental group has shown a tendency to decrease in the stress response but there was no significant difference between the groups. The study showed no significant difference in the ways of coping scale. This study recommends that laughter therapy coupled with cognitive approaches could affect ways of nurse's coping with stress. Also, Further study with sufficient sample for evaluating effect of laughter therapy is needed. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:323∼331)

Determinants of Well-Being in Later Life: Focusing on Their Volunteering Experiences: Jihyun Park*, Hongjik Lee^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):333-341. Published online December 30, 2011

302 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: This study aimed to explore the factors that affect on their positive psychological well-being among older adults. Especially, it tried to examine how their volunteering work experiences affect their level of psychological well-being. The data of the Volunteerism among Older Adults between U.S. and South Korea by the Center for Excellence in Aging Services and Community Wellness (CEASCW) in 2010 were used for this purpose. 274 older volunteers in South Korea were adopted as the data of this study. This study conducted the descriptive analyses, correlation analysis and multiple regression analyses to explore the determinants of their psychological well-being. In the regression model, by adding socioeconomic characteristics, two antecedent factors-work assignment and personal efficacy were statistically significant. This result suggests that older volunteers with higher level of work assignment achieved and satisfaction with personal efficacy are more likely to present the higher status of well-being in later life. Therefore, volunteer agency should be took for older volunteers to consider the determinants of satisfaction in order to increase the retention rate of volunteering and improve psychological well-being in later life. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:333∼342)

The Influences of Disease, Anger Trait and Anger Expression on the Somatizing Symptoms of Elderly Dwelling in a City: Ji Sook Kang*, Mee-Kyung Shin^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):343-350. Published online December 30, 2011

314 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: The purposes of this study were to investigate factors related to the somatizing symptom of elderly dwelling in a city and to explore the influence of disease, anger trait and anger expression on the elders' somatizing symptom. This study was a descriptive survey design using convenience sampling. Over 65-year-old elders (N=208), who agreed to participate in this study completed a self-report Questionnaire from April, 2010 to May, 2010. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS 17.0 program, which was used for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Major findings of this study were as follows 1) Average number of disease as physical health was 1.62±1.36. Mean of anger trait was 18.71±5.95. Out of anger expression, average score of anger-in was 16.74±4.44, anger-out score was 15.51±4.90 and anger-control score was 20.21±5.22. Mean of somatizing symptom score was 7.38±4.84. 2) A large number of disease (r=.20, p＜.001), higher anger trait (r=.40, p＜.001), anger-in (r=.32, p＜.001), anger-out (r=.31, p＜.001) score and lower anger-control (r=−.14, p=.04) score were significantly related to more severe somatizing symptoms. 3) Significant factors influencing somatizing symptoms for eldely were the number of disease, anger trait and anger-in. The finding of this study gives useful information for understanding somatizing symptoms of elderly. Then, it is need to develop somatizing symptoms management by caring anger trait and anger expression with physical health all together. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:343∼350)

The Effects of Conflict Resolution Program in Nursing College Students before Clinical Practice: Hye-Won Kim, Sungjae Kim; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):351-360. Published online December 30, 2011

304 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the conflict resolution program for nursing college students before clinical practice. The research design was a quasi-experimental research of a nonequivalent control group. The conflict resolution program was used as the experimental treatment with nursing college students before clinical practice from March to May, 2011. The participants were 114 second-year nursing college students before clinical practice (60 in the experimental and 54 in the control group) from 3 nursing colleges in Korea. For 8 weeks, the experimental group received the interventions weekly. Frequencies, ՗²-test and t-test with the SPSS program 19.0 were used to analyze the data. The research design was a quasi-experimental research of a nonequivalent control group. There were significant changes in the level of the conflict resolution ability (t=2.16, p=.035) in experimental group. The scores of cooperative conflict resolution style were increased and avoidant and aggressive conflict resolution style were decreased in the experimental group. But there were no significant changes in conflict resolution styles in experimental group. There were no significant changes in the level of conflict resolution abilities and styles in the control group. These results indicate that the conflict resolution program is an effective nursing intervention to increase the level of the conflict resolution ability for nursing student before clinical practice. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:351∼360)

Mediating Effects of Worry in the Relation of Stress and Somatization: Moon Gyu Park, Chong Nak Son; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):361-369. Published online December 30, 2011

316 View
3 Download

Abstract PDF: The aim of this study was to test whether worry(perseverative cognition) mediates the link between stress and somatic symptoms. For this purpose, a sample of 287 college students completed the questionnaires: Life Stess Scale Revised, the Worry Scale of Life Stress for college students, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and the Somatic Symptoms Scale. The data was analysed to assess the mediating effects of worry with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS 7.0. The results showed that worry mediated the relationship between the strength of the stress and the severity of the somatic symptoms. Therefore, perseverative cognition manifested in worry can be thought of as a mediator through which the stressor exercises its effects on the somatic symptoms or the body's systems. In addition, the partial mediation model of worry was more fit to population's data and better than the complete mediation model of worry in model comparison. Meanwhile, the mediation models of this study was more fit to women than men. This result indicated there was sex difference in the tests of mediation model of worry about somatization. Finally, the implications and suggestions, the limitations of this study and the directions for future study were also discussed. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:361∼369)

CREBBP Polymorphisms and Haplotypes Are Associated with Hypertension in Korean Population: Soo-Joong Kim*, Soo-Cheol Kim^&#;, Ah Rang Cho^&#;, Bong-Keun Choe^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):371-376. Published online December 30, 2011

297 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: CREB-binding protein (CREBBP, CBP) is involved in the transcriptional coactivation of several transcription factors. In this study, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of the CREBBP gene were associated with the level of blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, and hemoglobin A1c in Korean population. Two synonymous SNPs (rs129974, Ile1262Ile; rs3025694, Pro890Pro) of the CREBBP gene were genotyped by direct sequencing. SNPStats and Haploview 4.2 programs were used to analyze genetic data. Multiple logistic regression models (codominant1, codominant2, dominant, recessive, overdominant, and log-additive models) were performed for odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p value. Two synonymous SNPs were associated with hypertension (rs129974, OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.03∼2.88, p=0.038 in allele frequencies; rs3025694, OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.03∼2.96, p=0.040 in the log-additive model, OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.13∼3.12, p=0.016 in allele frequencies). Haplotypes of these two synonymous SNPs were also associated with hypertension (GC haplotype, chi square=5.101, p=0.024; TT haplotype, chi square=5.169, p=0.023). However, the examined two SNPs were not related to the level of HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol. These results suggest that CREBBP may be associated with hypertension in Korean population. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:371∼376)

Association between FABP3 Polymorphism (rs10914367, -283A/G) and Obesity in Korean Population: Hyo Chul Youn*, Dong Hwan Yun^&#;, Soo-Cheol Kim*; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):377-382. Published online December 30, 2011

292 View
2 Download

Abstract PDF: Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of intracellular lipid-binding proteins. They play critical roles in intracellular fatty acid transport by binding lipids and regulating metabolic homeostasis. Heart FABP (H-FABP, also known as FABP3) is the most widely distributed FABP. To test the relationship between FABP3 polymorphism and dyslipidemia and obesity in Korean population, we analyzed 265 subjects. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs10914367, -283A/G) in the promoter region of the FABP3 gene was selected and was genotyped by direct sequencing. SNPStats and SNPAnalyzer Pro programs were performed to obtain odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p value. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to analyze genetic data. The rs10914367 SNP was associated with obesity (p=0.017 in codominant2 model, p=0.028 in dominant model, p=0.014 in log-additive model, p=0.007 in allele frequencies). The A allele frequency of rs10914367 was higher in the overweigh/obese group (58.2%) than in the control group (46.0%), whereas the G allele frequency of rs10914367 was lower in the overweigh/obese group (41.8%) than in the control group (54.0%). The rs10914367 SNP was not related to the levels of total triglyceride and total cholesterol. These results suggest that a FABP3 polymorphism may be associated with obesity, and the A allele of rs10914367 may be a risk factor for the development of obesity in Korean population. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:377∼382)

The Effectiveness of ACT and CBT to Reduce Vulnerability to Depression and Anxiety among University Students: A Preliminary Analysis: Kyunghee Lee*, Hoon-Jin Lee^&#;, Sheila R. Woody^&#;; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):383-389. Published online December 30, 2011

556 View
12 Download

Abstract PDF: Preliminary efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) was tested in a group of 16 college students at risk for anxiety and depression. Students with high levels of rumination and worry were randomly assigned to eight weekly sessions of ACT or CBT. Thirteen participants completed treatment and provided pre- and post-test data. Results suggested both ACT and CBT are promising treatments for reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, worry, and rumination, as well as reducing endorsement of dysfunctional beliefs and negative automatic thoughts and increasing psychological acceptance. Because of their apparent effects on cognitive constructs associated with vulnerability to anxiety and depression, these interventions may be useful as preventive approaches in young adults, with prevention applicability. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:383∼389)

Stress Response in Fasted Rat: Eun-Yee Jung, Insop Shim; Korean J Str Res. 2011;19(4):391-396. Published online December 30, 2011

314 View
4 Download

Abstract PDF: We studied the stress response of the rat to different fasting periods (24 and 48 h), by measuring blood glucose, corticosterone concentration, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in hypothalamus, plasma 5-HIAA and 5-HT. The obtained results show that fasting decreased blood glucose and increased corticosterone concentration in comparison with ad libitum fed rats. However, the GR in hypothalamus increased not in 48 h fasting but in 24 h fasting. Also, plasma 5-HIAA and 5-HT were decreased by fasting periods. It is possible that hypothalamic GR activity is sensitive to the different fasting periods and the fasting itself evokes stress response related with plasma 5-HIAA and 5-HT. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:391∼396)

First
Prev
Page of 2
Next
Last

Previous issues