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17 "RaeHyuck Lee"
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Original Articles
The Multiple Mediating Effects of Emotional Isolation and Loneliness on the Influence of Physical Isolation on Depression among Emerging Adults
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2026;34(3):155-164.   Published online September 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.3.155
  • 117 View
  • 3 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study investigated the serial mediating effects of emotional isolation and loneliness on the influence of physical isolation on depression among emerging adults.
Methods
Using raw data from the 2022 Seoul Isolated and Reclusive Youth Survey, a statistical analysis was conducted on a sample of 2,386 emerging adults aged 19-29 years, using Hayes’ PROCESS Macro (Model 6).
Results
Empirical results indicated that physical isolation was significantly and positively associated with depression. Furthermore, emotional isolation and loneliness each significantly mediated the influence of physical isolation on depression demonstrating simple mediation effects. Most notably, the analysis confirmed a significant serial multiple mediating effect, indicating a sequential pathway in which physical isolation was associated with higher emotional isolation, which, in turn, was associated with greater loneliness and, ultimately, higher levels of depression.
Conclusions
Based on these findings, this study suggests comprehensive interventions to mitigate depression in emerging adults. Policy and clinical efforts should focus on strengthening meaningful social support networks to alleviate emotional isolation rather than merely expanding superficial contacts. In addition, targeted psychological services are required to address subjective loneliness. Ultimately, a multilayered approach that addresses both structural connections and emotional well-being is essential to prevent psychological distress.
The Moderated Moderating Effect of Sleep Deprivation and Negative Parenting Attitudes on the Association between ADHD Traits and Anxiety among Middle School Students
Jaekyoung Lee, RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2026;34(3):135-143.   Published online September 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.3.135
  • 130 View
  • 7 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examined the moderated moderating effect of sleep deprivation and negative parenting attitudes on the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits and anxiety among middle school students.
Methods
Data from 1,948 middle school students were obtained from the 2021 Mental Health Survey of Adolescents and analyzed using the PROCESS Macro Model 3.
Results
ADHD traits positively influenced anxiety, and the moderated moderating effect of sleep deprivation and negative parenting attitudes was statistically significant. Under conditions of low or stable negative parenting attitudes, severe sleep deprivation exacerbated the association between ADHD traits and anxiety. Conversely, the moderating effect of sleep deprivation was completely offset under conditions of high negative parenting attitudes, resulting in increased anxiety, regardless of the adolescents’ sleep status.
Conclusions
Based on these findings, this study has implications for the importance of sleep and parental attitudes in reducing anxiety among middle school students with ADHD traits.
The Moderated Moderation Effect of Anxiety and Self-Esteem on the Influence of Daily Stress on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Middle School Students
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2026;34(2):94-103.   Published online June 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.2.94
  • 552 View
  • 14 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examined the moderation effect of anxiety and the moderated moderation effect of anxiety on self-esteem in the relationship between daily stress and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among middle school students.
Methods
Data from 1,948 middle school students from the Teen Mental Health Survey were analyzed using regression analysis and the SPSS PROCESS Macro method.
Results
The findings revealed that daily stress had a significant positive association with NSSI. Furthermore, the moderation effect of anxiety was confirmed, indicating that the positive association between daily stress and NSSI was significantly amplified as anxiety increased. In addition, a moderated moderation effect was found, demonstrating that the moderation effect of daily stress and anxiety on NSSI varied depending on the level of self-esteem. Specifically, the negative moderation effect of daily stress and anxiety on NSSI decreased as self-esteem increased.
Conclusions
Based on the results, this study proposes intervention strategies to prevent NSSI among middle school students, focusing on improving self-esteem and reducing anxiety and daily stress.
The Influence of ADHD Traits on School Maladjustment in Middle School Students: Focusing on the Serial Mediation Effect of Daily Life Stress and Self-Esteem
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2026;34(2):63-72.   Published online June 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.2.63
  • 616 View
  • 23 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examined the influence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits on school maladjustment among middle school students and investigated the mediating effects of daily life stress and self-esteem on this relationship.
Methods
Data were drawn from the Korean Teenager Mental Health Survey. A total of 1,948 middle school students were analyzed using PROCESS Macro Model 6.
Results
A positive association between ADHD traits and school maladjustment was observed. Self-esteem significantly mediated the relationship between ADHD traits and school maladjustment. In addition, a significant serial mediation pathway was identified: higher ADHD traits were associated with increased daily life stress, which, in turn, was associated with to lower self-esteem, ultimately leading to greater school maladjustment.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that ADHD traits contribute to school maladjustment both directly and indirectly through psychological processes. In particular, the sequential pathway involving daily life stress and self-esteem highlights the importance of considering both stress experiences and self-evaluation mechanisms. Interventions aimed at reducing school maladjustment among middle school students should therefore address not only ADHD-related characteristics but also promote stress management and the enhancement of self-esteem.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Moderated Moderating Effect of Sleep Deprivation and Negative Parenting Attitudes on the Association between ADHD Traits and Anxiety among Middle School Students
    Jaekyoung Lee, RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2026; 34(3): 135.     CrossRef
When Does Adolescents’ Stress Become Somatic Symptoms? A Moderated Mediation Model of ADHD Tendency, Stress, and Somatic Symptoms by Household Economic Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2026;34(1):43-51.   Published online March 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.1.43
  • 754 View
  • 26 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examines whether stress mediates the association between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) tendency and somatic symptoms among adolescents, and whether this association varies by household economic status.
Methods
Using nationwide data from 6,689 Korean adolescents, ADHD tendency, perceived stress, somatic symptoms, and subjective household economic status were assessed using validated self-reporting scales. Multiple regression and the PROCESS Macro were applied to test the direct, mediation (Model 4), and moderated mediation effects (Model 14), controlling for gender, age, and out-of-school status. Bootstrapping was performed using 10,000 re-samples.
Results
ADHD tendency was positively associated with somatic symptoms. Stress partially mediated this relationship. Stress’ effect on somatic symptoms was negatively moderated by household economic status. Consequently, ADHD tendency’s indirect effect on somatic symptoms through stress significantly varied by household economic status.
Conclusions
ADHD tendency contributes to somatic symptoms through elevated stress. This process is shaped by the socioeconomic context. Interventions targeting stress reduction, particularly among economically vulnerable adolescents, may help prevent somatic symptom development.
The Moderated Moderation Effect of ADHD Symptoms and Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Depression among Adolescents
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2026;34(1):34-42.   Published online March 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.1.34
  • 655 View
  • 21 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examined the moderated moderation effect of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and self-esteem on the relationship between daily life stress and depression among adolescents.
Methods
Data from 5,937 school-attending adolescents, obtained from the 2021 Mental Health Survey of Adolescents, were analyzed using the PROCESS Macro.
Results
First, daily life stress had a significantly positive influence on depression. Second, ADHD symptoms moderated the relationship between daily life stress and depression such that higher levels of ADHD symptoms amplified the deleterious effect of stress on depression. Third, a moderated moderation effect was confirmed, indicating that self-esteem further conditioned the moderating influence of ADHD symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of self-esteem mitigated the synergistic risk effect of stress and ADHD symptoms on depression.
Conclusions
Based on these findings, this study suggests strategies to enhance psychological protective factors to prevent depression among adolescents with ADHD.
Association between Daily Stress, Sleep Duration, and Attention-Deficit or Hyperactivity Problems among Teenagers: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Positive Family Relationships
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2025;33(4):201-208.   Published online December 31, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.4.201
  • 868 View
  • 25 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDF
Background
This study investigated the association between daily stress, sleep duration, and attention-deficit or hyperactivity problems (ADH) among teenagers and the moderated mediating effect of positive family relationships.
Methods
The data of a nationally representative sample of teenagers were analyzed using regression analyses.
Results
Daily stress was positively associated with ADH. Sleep duration partially mediated the association between daily stress and ADH. Positive family relationships moderated the mediating effect of sleep duration. Specifically, the mediating effect decreased with increasing levels of positive family relationships.
Conclusions
Based on its results, this study discusses ways to intervene in ADH among teenagers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Moderated Moderation Effect of ADHD Symptoms and Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Depression among Adolescents
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2026; 34(1): 34.     CrossRef
The Influence of School Maladjustment on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety According to Single-Parent Family Status
RaeHyuck Lee, Jaekyoung Lee
STRESS. 2025;33(3):155-162.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.3.155
  • 1,002 View
  • 32 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examines the influence of school maladjustment on non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents and the moderated mediating effect of anxiety according to single-parent family status.
Methods
Regression analyses were performed using raw data from a survey of teenagers’ mental health and the PROCESS Macro method.
Results
Adolescents’ school maladjustment had a positive effect on non-suicidal self-injury. In addition, the partial mediating effect of anxiety was confirmed. In other words, adolescents’ level of school maladjustment increased their level of anxiety, which in turn increased the likelihood of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior. Furthermore, the mediating effect of anxiety was moderated by single-parent family status. Specifically, the mediating effect of school maladjustment leading on non-suicidal self-injury through anxiety was more pronounced among adolescents from single-parent families than those from two-parent families.
Conclusions
Intervention plans to deal with school maladjustment and anxiety among adolescents are proposed based on these findings.
The Influence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity on School Adjustment among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Household Economic Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2025;33(1):13-21.   Published online March 28, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.1.13
  • 2,062 View
  • 72 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examines the influence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity on school adjustment among adolescents and investigates the moderated mediation effect of depression on household economic status.
Methods
The research hypotheses were tested using data from the Korean Teenagers’ Mental Health Study and analyzed utilizing the PROCESS Macro method.
Results
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity had a significant negative impact on students’ school adjustment. Additionally, depression partially mediated the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity and school adjustment. While household economic status did not moderate the influence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity on school adjustment, it did moderate the mediating effect of depression. Specifically, the mediating effect of depression on the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity and school adjustment was more pronounced for adolescents from low-income households than for those from medium- or high- income households.
Conclusions
This study discusses the research implications and considerations.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Moderated Moderation Effect of ADHD Symptoms and Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Depression among Adolescents
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2026; 34(1): 34.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of ADHD Traits on School Maladjustment in Middle School Students: Focusing on the Serial Mediation Effect of Daily Life Stress and Self-Esteem
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2026; 34(2): 63.     CrossRef
Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety by Household Type on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2024;32(4):188-195.   Published online December 27, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.4.188
  • 3,782 View
  • 80 Download
  • 5 Citations
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examined the impact of adolescents’ daily life stress on non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of anxiety and the moderated mediating effect of anxiety by household type (two-parent vs. single-parent households).
Methods
This study utilized data from the Korean Teenagers’ Mental Health Study, conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute and applied the PROCESS macro method for analysis.
Results
First, daily life stress significantly increased the likelihood of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents. Second, anxiety played a full mediating role. Third, no significant difference was observed in the direct impact of daily life stress on non-suicidal self-injury between adolescents from two-parent and single-parent households. Fourth, the mediating effect of anxiety on the relationship between daily life stress and non-suicidal self-injury was more pronounced among adolescents in single-parent households than those in two-parent households.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to deal with non-suicidal self-injuries among adolescents, particularly in the context of household type.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association Between Physical Activity and Perceived Stress Among Adolescents Across Urbanicity Levels: Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2018-2023
    Eunhui Kim, Chae-Been Kim, Seungho Ryu
    The Asian Journal of Kinesiology.2026; 28(1): 139.     CrossRef
  • Assessing the prevalence, characteristics and psychosocial correlates of nonsuicidal self-injury among Vietnamese adolescent psychiatric outpatients: a cross-sectional study
    Hoang Yen Nguyen, Xuan Thang Pham, Cong Thien Le, Thi Thu Ha Le, Thi Thu Ha Tran, Thi Hue Doan, Thien Thang Tran, Tuan Khiem Ngo, Thi Nguyet Nga Pham, Thi Ha An Tran, Van Tuan Nguyen
    Frontiers in Psychiatry.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Moderated Moderation Effect of Anxiety and Self-Esteem on the Influence of Daily Stress on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Middle School Students
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2026; 34(2): 94.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity on School Adjustment among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Household Economic Status
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2025; 33(1): 13.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of School Maladjustment on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety According to Single-Parent Family Status
    RaeHyuck Lee, Jaekyoung Lee
    STRESS.2025; 33(3): 155.     CrossRef
Influence of the Negative Life Changes Experienced after Becoming Single Mothers on Parenting Stress: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Low-Income Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2024;32(2):85-93.   Published online June 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.2.85
  • 3,580 View
  • 58 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study examines the influence of negative life changes experienced after becoming single mothers and their influence on parenting stress, focusing on the moderated mediation effect of depression influenced by low-income status.
Methods
The research questions were tested by using raw data from the Survey of Single-parent Families and applying the PROCESS macro method.
Results
First, the negative life changes experienced after becoming single mothers were found to positively and significantly influence parenting stress. Second, a partial mediation effect was observed: The levels of negative life changes increased the levels of depression, which, in turn, increased the levels of parenting stress. Third, the mediating effect of depression on the relationship between single mothers’ negative life changes and parenting stress was more pronounced for those with low income compared to those with medium and high income.
Conclusions
This study suggests strategies to address single mothers’ parenting stress.
Effect of Daily Stress on School Adjustment among Children at Community Child Centers: Mediating Roles of Inattention and Social Withdrawal
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2024;32(1):1-8.   Published online March 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.1.1
  • 5,573 View
  • 96 Download
  • 7 Citations
Abstract PDF
Background
This study verifies the influence of daily stress on school adjustment through inattention and social withdrawal among children at community child centers.
Methods
Analyses were performed on data collected from the Child Panel Survey of the Community Child Centers, followed by a series of regression analyses.
Results
First, daily stress had a negative and significant influence on school adjustment. Second, both inattention and social withdrawal among children mediated the influence of daily stress on school adjustment. Finally, the influence of daily stress on school adjustment was serially dual-mediated through inattention and social withdrawal.
Conclusions
This study presents evidence-based strategies that could help the school adjustment of children at community child centers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Acculturative stress and social isolation in multicultural adolescents: A moderated mediation model of social withdrawal and in-school support
    Woo Gwan Jo, Joseph Ahn, Wonjong Horace Lee
    International Journal of Intercultural Relations.2026; 110: 102324.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of ADHD Traits on School Maladjustment in Middle School Students: Focusing on the Serial Mediation Effect of Daily Life Stress and Self-Esteem
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2026; 34(2): 63.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity on School Adjustment among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Household Economic Status
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2025; 33(1): 13.     CrossRef
  • Happiness experiences among South Korean elementary school students receiving local children’s center services: a qualitative study using Giorgi’s phenomenological method
    Hae Kyung Jo
    Child Health Nursing Research.2025; 31(2): 96.     CrossRef
  • Association between Daily Stress, Sleep Duration, and Attention-Deficit or Hyperactivity Problems among Teenagers: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Positive Family Relationships
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2025; 33(4): 201.     CrossRef
  • Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety by Household Type on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2024; 32(4): 188.     CrossRef
  • A Phenomenological Study on Breast Cancer Survivors' Experiences of Mind Subtraction Meditation
    Mi Ra Yun
    Asian Oncology Nursing.2016; 16(3): 158.     CrossRef
Influence of Single Parents’ Parenting Stress on Adolescent Children’s Internet Addiction: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Family Economic Status
Jaekyoung Lee, RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2023;31(3):142-147.   Published online September 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.3.142
  • 3,411 View
  • 60 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study investigated the influence of parenting stress among single parents on the level of Internet addiction in their adolescent children, while also considering the moderating effect of family economic status.
Methods
An analysis was conducted using regression models to assess direct and moderating effects, utilizing data from the 2021 Survey of Single-parent Families, focusing on single parents with adolescent children.
Results
It was observed that single parents’ parenting stress had a positive and significant influence on the level of Internet addiction seen in their adolescent children. Furthermore, this influence was observed to be even stronger when the family’s economic status was lower.
Conclusions
This study empirically examined the influence of parenting and economic circumstances on the level of Internet addiction among adolescent children in single-parent families, drawing on nationally representative data. The study also underscored the need for diverse intervention strategies.
Influence of Parenting Stress on Depression among Single Parents with Preschool Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Self-rated Health Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2023;31(1):37-43.   Published online March 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.1.37
  • 4,985 View
  • 89 Download
  • 2 Citations
Abstract PDF
Background
This study aimed to verify the influence of parental stress on depression among single parents with preschool children during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating effect of self-rated health status.
Methods
The study conducted regression analyses with a sample of 335 single parents raising children under seven years old from the raw data of the Study on the Status of Sole-parent Families conducted by the Korean Ministry of Gender Equality and Family in 2021.
Results
Single parents’ parenting stress had a positive and significant influence on their depression, moderated by their self-rated health status. That is, the influence of parenting stress on depression was more pronounced for parents who rated their health status as not good compared with those who rated their health status as good.
Conclusions
Based on the findings, the discussion suggested interventions for dealing with depression among single parents with preschool children.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • 미성년 자녀를 둔 부모의 가족관계 어려움과 정신건강:성별에 의해 조절된 정서억제의 매개효과*
    주현 강, 서희 손
    Journal of Family Relations.2025; 30(1): 75.     CrossRef
  • Influence of the Negative Life Changes Experienced after Becoming Single Mothers on Parenting Stress: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Low-Income Status
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2024; 32(2): 85.     CrossRef
Future Orientation’s Influence on Smartphone Overdependence among Out-of-School Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Parental Emotional Support
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2022;30(4):213-220.   Published online December 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.4.213
  • 3,172 View
  • 74 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study aimed to examine the influence of future orientation on smartphone overdependence through depression among out-of-school adolescents and the moderated mediation effect of parental emotional support.
Methods
This study analyzed data from the Panel Survey of School Dropouts with the Process macro Models 4 and 14.
Results
First, out-of-school adolescents’ future orientation negatively influenced smartphone overdependence. Second, out-of-school adolescents’ depression partially mediated the influence of future orientation on smartphone overdependence. Third, out-of-school adolescents’ parental emotional support moderated the mediation effect of future orientation on smartphone overdependence through depression.
Conclusions
The results suggest ways to manage smartphone overdependence among out-of-school adolescents.
The Influence of COVID-19-Induced Depression on Smartphone Usage Time among Multicultural Adolescents and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Gender through Anxiety
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2022;30(3):147-154.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.3.147
  • 4,555 View
  • 107 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
This study aimed to verify the influence of COVID-19-induced depression on smartphone usage time among multicultural adolescents, as well as the moderated mediation effect of gender through anxiety.
Methods
Using the raw data from the 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a sample of 1,161 multicultural adolescents was recruited for this study. Models 4 and 7 of the PROCESS macro method were used for data analysis.
Results
COVID-19-induced depression among multicultural adolescents positively influenced their smartphone usage time. Moreover, their anxiety fully mediated the influence of COVID-19-induced depression on their smartphone usage time. The mediation effect of COVID-19-induced depression on smartphone usage time through anxiety was moderated by their gender.
Conclusions
The results are significant in that they provide insights for addressing the problem of smartphone usage among multicultural adolescents amid a disaster like COVID-19.
The Influence of Mothers’ Acculturative Stress on Adolescents' Depression in Multicultural Families: The Moderating Effect of Sex
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS. 2022;30(2):92-97.   Published online June 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.2.92
  • 5,241 View
  • 87 Download
  • 3 Citations
Abstract PDF
Background
With the increasing number of multicultural adolescents, concerns about their healthy development are also on the rise. This study aimed to examine the influence of mothers’ acculturative stress on adolescents’ depression in multicultural families with respect to the moderating effect of sex.
Methods
A series of regression analyses were conducted using a sample of 1,052 adolescents from multicultural families composed of a foreign-born mother and a Korean father based on the 9th wave of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS).
Results
First, foreign-born mothers’ acculturative stress positively and significantly influenced adolescents’ depression. When the level of acculturative stress increased, so did the level of depression. Second, the influence of mothers’ acculturative stress on adolescents’ depression was moderated by sex. The influence was larger for female than for male adolescents.
Conclusions
Based on its findings, this study discussed intervention strategies to address depression among multicultural adolescents.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Impact of Maternal Life Satisfaction on Adolescent Depression: The Sequential Mediating Roles of Achievement Pressure and Family Communication
    Yoo Jung Hong, Sae-Young Han
    Human Ecology Research.2026; 64(2): 287.     CrossRef
  • Perceived Neglectful Parenting and Depressive Symptoms in Multicultural Adolescents: Bicultural Acceptance and Withdrawal as Mediators
    Sangmi Lee
    Family Relations.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Influence of COVID-19-Induced Depression on Smartphone Usage Time among Multicultural Adolescents and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Gender through Anxiety
    RaeHyuck Lee
    STRESS.2022; 30(3): 147.     CrossRef
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