STRESS

Original Article

The Moderated Moderation Effect of Anxiety and Self-Esteem on the Influence of Daily Stress on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Middle School Students: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2026;34(2):94-103. Published online June 30, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2026.34.2.94

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examined the moderation effect of anxiety and the moderated moderation effect of anxiety on self-esteem in the relationship between daily stress and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among middle school students.
Methods
Data from 1,948 middle school students from the Teen Mental Health Survey were analyzed using regression analysis and the SPSS PROCESS Macro method.
Results
The findings revealed that daily stress had a significant positive association with NSSI. Furthermore, the moderation effect of anxiety was confirmed, indicating that the positive association between daily stress and NSSI was significantly amplified as anxiety increased. In addition, a moderated moderation effect was found, demonstrating that the moderation effect of daily stress and anxiety on NSSI varied depending on the level of self-esteem. Specifically, the negative moderation effect of daily stress and anxiety on NSSI decreased as self-esteem increased.
Conclusions
Based on the results, this study proposes intervention strategies to prevent NSSI among middle school students, focusing on improving self-esteem and reducing anxiety and daily stress.

Review Article

Suicide Risk Factors among Military Personnel: A Meta-Analytic Approach: Eunsu Park, Jonghan Sea; STRESS. 2025;33(4):177-183. Published online December 31, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.4.177

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Abstract PDF: Background
Suicide among military personnel is a critical issue that threatens both individual well-being and organizational readiness. Despite a growing body of literature on military suicide in Korea findings remain inconsistent owing to differences in study design, participant characteristics, and measurement tools.
Methods
This meta-analysis examined risk factors for suicide among Korean military personnel. Twenty-nine theses and journal articles published between 2000 and 2025 that reported correlation coefficients (r) and met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Sixty-two variables reported in at least three studies were extracted and categorized into 11 factors depression, trauma experience, military stress, interpersonal relationships, anxiety, general stress, job stress, impulsivity, drinking problems, age, and rank.
Results
Depression, trauma experience, and military stress showed medium- to- large effect sizes, whereas impulsivity and drinking problems demonstrated small but significant effects. High heterogeneity was observed, likely because of differences in military ranks, research designs, and measurement instruments. Publication bias analysis using the trim-and-fill method revealed no missing studies.
Conclusions
This meta-analysis integrated existing findings on suicide risk factors among Korean soldiers and identified the relative importance of key predictors. The results contribute to a better understanding of the psychological and organizational determinants of military suicide and provide practical implications for prevention strategies and future research.

Original Articles

Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Suicide Rumination Scale (K-SRS): Woongsur Hur, Megan L. Rogers, Eun-Jung Shim; STRESS. 2025;33(3):163-175. Published online September 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.3.163

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Suicide Rumination Scale [K-SRS], which assesses fixations on suicidal thoughts, intentions, and plans.
Methods
Between July 2024 and March 2025, 124 adults (aged 18 years and older) with suicidal ideation completed an online self-report survey and a behavioral task.
Results
Factor analysis supported a two-factor structure—Intrusive Rumination about Suicide and Contemplation of Suicide Methods—demonstrating excellent internal consistency (α=.96 and .93, respectively). Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations with brooding, reflective pondering, depressive rumination, and intrusive rumination (rs=.19 to .57). Discriminant validity was indicated by non-significant correlations with deliberate rumination (rs=−.01 to .01). The K-SRS demonstrated concurrent validity via associations with suicidal risk, suicidal ideation intensity, depression, and anxiety (rs=.34 to .65), and incremental validity by predicting suicide risk beyond established factors. Higher K-SRS scores among individuals with clinical levels of depression and anxiety confirmed known-group validity. The K-SRS showed acceptable discriminatory ability for past suicide attempts (AUC=.77), with a cut-off score of 13.5 (sensitivity=0.68, specificity=0.75).
Conclusions
The K-SRS is a reliable and valid measure of suicide-specific rumination and risk assessment.

The Influence of School Maladjustment on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety According to Single-Parent Family Status: RaeHyuck Lee, Jaekyoung Lee; STRESS. 2025;33(3):155-162. Published online September 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.3.155

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study examines the influence of school maladjustment on non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents and the moderated mediating effect of anxiety according to single-parent family status.
Methods
Regression analyses were performed using raw data from a survey of teenagers’ mental health and the PROCESS Macro method.
Results
Adolescents’ school maladjustment had a positive effect on non-suicidal self-injury. In addition, the partial mediating effect of anxiety was confirmed. In other words, adolescents’ level of school maladjustment increased their level of anxiety, which in turn increased the likelihood of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior. Furthermore, the mediating effect of anxiety was moderated by single-parent family status. Specifically, the mediating effect of school maladjustment leading on non-suicidal self-injury through anxiety was more pronounced among adolescents from single-parent families than those from two-parent families.
Conclusions
Intervention plans to deal with school maladjustment and anxiety among adolescents are proposed based on these findings.

A Preliminary Study on the Development of a Stigma Scale for Suicide Survivors: Jieun Kwon; STRESS. 2025;33(3):146-154. Published online September 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.3.146

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Abstract PDF: Background
This preliminary study explored the stigma surrounding suicide loss in survivors in South Korea and develops a scale for measuring this stigma.
Methods
An open-ended survey (N=57; 18 men, 39 women) and a structured questionnaire (N=250; 94 males, 156 females) were administered to adults who had experienced bereavement due to the suicide of a close family member or partner (e.g., parent, child, spouse, or significant other). Preliminary items were generated based on open-ended responses. The items were then subjected to content validation and revision by a panel of experts, resulting in 70 preliminary items. The questionnaire was administered based on these items.
Results
The exploratory factor analysis yielded a stigma scale comprising four factors and 15 items. The four factors were labeled as follows: Vulnerable Individual, Responsibility for Suicide, Relational Discomfort, and Relational Distancing. The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency.
Conclusions
This study is relevant because it developed a culturally relevant scale to assess the stigma experienced by survivors of suicide loss in Korean society.

Understanding Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Adults Based on the Benefits and Barriers Model: Comparing Suicidal Self-Injury and Exploring Functional Differences across Frequency Levels: Hyejin Jeon, Hoon-Jin Lee; STRESS. 2025;33(2):63-73. Published online June 30, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2025.33.2.63

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to examine differences in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) depending on the presence of suicidal self-injury, such as suicidal ideation or suicide attempts. It also explored patterns of change in self-harm motivation during the initiation and maintenance of NSSI, based on the Benefits and Barriers Model of NSSI.
Methods
A total of 300 adults completed the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview, Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Trait Meta-Mood Scale, Depressive Experiences Questionnaire, Capability for Suicide Questionnaire, and the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire. Group differences were analyzed.
Results
Individuals in the NSSI with suicide attempt group showed significantly higher motivations related to affect regulation, self-punishment, communication, and interpersonal needs. In contrast, the NSSI-only group exhibited significantly lower levels of emotion dysregulation, interpersonal needs, and self-criticism. Additionally, compared to the middle- and high-frequency NSSI groups, the low-frequency group reported stronger motivations related to peer bonding, interpersonal influence, and the toughness function.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that the Benefits and Barriers Model of NSSI is useful for understanding the relationship between nonsuicidal and suicidal self-injury, as well as the motivational processes involved in the maintenance of NSSI.

Internalized Shame Mediates the Relationship between Borderline Personality Traits and Suicidal Ideation: Nanyoung Bae, Hyejeen Lee; STRESS. 2024;32(4):196-203. Published online December 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.4.196

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Abstract PDF: Background
Internalized shame, defined as the enduring incorporation of shame as a trait due to repeated experiences of shame, is considered a core emotion in individuals with borderline personality traits. It is closely related to self-destructive behaviors, such as self-harm and suicidal ideation. This study aimed to investigate whether internalized shame mediates the relationship between borderline personality traits and suicidal ideation.
Methods
Self-report questionnaires were administered to 303 undergraduate and graduate students to assess borderline personality traits, suicidal ideation, internalized shame, depression, impulsivity, and history of suicide attempts.
Results
Internalized shame mediated the relationship between borderline personality traits and suicidal ideation, even after controlling for known predictors of suicidal ideation, including depression, impulsivity, history of suicide attempts, sex, and age. Specifically, higher borderline personality traits were associated with stronger feelings of shame, which in turn increased suicidal ideation.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that addressing internalized shame could be a key target for interventions aimed at reducing suicide risk in individuals with borderline personality traits.

Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety by Household Type on the Relationship between Daily Life Stress and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: RaeHyuck Lee; STRESS. 2024;32(4):188-195. Published online December 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.4.188

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5 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study examined the impact of adolescents’ daily life stress on non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of anxiety and the moderated mediating effect of anxiety by household type (two-parent vs. single-parent households).
Methods
This study utilized data from the Korean Teenagers’ Mental Health Study, conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute and applied the PROCESS macro method for analysis.
Results
First, daily life stress significantly increased the likelihood of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents. Second, anxiety played a full mediating role. Third, no significant difference was observed in the direct impact of daily life stress on non-suicidal self-injury between adolescents from two-parent and single-parent households. Fourth, the mediating effect of anxiety on the relationship between daily life stress and non-suicidal self-injury was more pronounced among adolescents in single-parent households than those in two-parent households.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to deal with non-suicidal self-injuries among adolescents, particularly in the context of household type.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association Between Physical Activity and Perceived Stress Among Adolescents Across Urbanicity Levels: Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2018-2023
Eunhui Kim, Chae-Been Kim, Seungho Ryu
The Asian Journal of Kinesiology.2026; 28(1): 139. CrossRef
Assessing the prevalence, characteristics and psychosocial correlates of nonsuicidal self-injury among Vietnamese adolescent psychiatric outpatients: a cross-sectional study
Hoang Yen Nguyen, Xuan Thang Pham, Cong Thien Le, Thi Thu Ha Le, Thi Thu Ha Tran, Thi Hue Doan, Thien Thang Tran, Tuan Khiem Ngo, Thi Nguyet Nga Pham, Thi Ha An Tran, Van Tuan Nguyen
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Moderated Moderation Effect of Anxiety and Self-Esteem on the Influence of Daily Stress on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Middle School Students
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2026; 34(2): 94. CrossRef
The Influence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity on School Adjustment among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Household Economic Status
RaeHyuck Lee
STRESS.2025; 33(1): 13. CrossRef
The Influence of School Maladjustment on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Effect of Anxiety According to Single-Parent Family Status
RaeHyuck Lee, Jaekyoung Lee
STRESS.2025; 33(3): 155. CrossRef

Association between Suicidal Ideation and Blood Cadmium Levels Based on the 3rd to 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: Sunmi Kim; STRESS. 2024;32(1):46-52. Published online March 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2024.32.1.46

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Abstract PDF

Background
This study aimed to determine the association between blood cadmium levels and suicidal ideation.
Methods
Using data from the 3rd to 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, the geometric mean of blood cadmium levels according to suicidal ideation was compared using multiple linear regression analyses in male and female adults. The frequency of suicidal ideation according to the blood cadmium levels was also compared using multiple logistic regression models.
Results
In total, 6,877 men and 6,698 women were included in the study. When adjusting for all potential confounding factors, the geometric mean of blood cadmium levels was significantly higher in participants with suicidal ideation than in those without suicidal ideation in both men (0.92 ng/ml [95% confidence interval 0.87∼0.97 ng/ml] vs. 0.86 ng/ml [0.84∼0.88 ng/ml]; p=.026) and women (1.05 ng/ml [95% confidence interval 1.01∼1.10 ng/ml] vs. 0.99 ng/ml [0.98∼1.02 ng/ml]; p=.006). After adjusting for potential confounders, the frequency of suicidal ideation significantly increased as blood cadmium levels increased in men (p for trend=.014) and women (p for trend=.034).
Conclusions
Results revealed an association between blood cadmium levels and suicidal ideation in Korean adults.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association Between Blood Heavy Metal Exposure and Sleep Duration Among Korean Adults: Data From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–2017
Jueun Lim, Miju Kim, Whanhee Lee
Journal of Sleep Medicine.2026; 23(2): 71. CrossRef

Preliminary Validation of the Korean Version of the Alexian Brothers Urge to Self-Injure Scale (ABUSI-K): Min-kyeong Kim, Myoung-Ho Hyun, Seo Jeong Lee; STRESS. 2023;31(4):182-188. Published online December 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.4.182

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the Alexian-Brothers Urge to Self-injure Scale (ABUSI) for measuring non-suicidal self-injury urges.
Methods
Analysis was conducted on a sample of 389 adult men and women who had inflicted self-harm without suicidal intent within three years. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to confirm the single factor of the scale, and convergent validity was assessed to establish the relationship between ABUSI-K and Negative Urgency (UPPS-P), Self-Criticism/Attacking and Reassurance (FSCRS), and Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview (SITBI).
Results
The Korean version of the Alexian-Brothers Urge to Self-Injure Scale (ABUSI-K) showed high internal consistency and, like the original scale, was confirmed to be a single-factor scale measuring the urge to self-injure. Convergent validity with negative urgency, self-criticism/self-attacking and self-reassuring, the NSSI module of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, and depression and anxiety were also significant, indicating that ABUSI-K’s psychometric benefits are confirmed.
Conclusions
The results of this study will provide a multifaceted understanding of self-injury without suicidal intent and the urges that occur before self-injury. They are expected to be useful in clinical interventions for individuals who have engaged in non-suicidal self-injuries.

The Effects of Risk-Taking Trait and Thwarted Interpersonal Need on Suicidality of Illicit Drugs Abusers: Focusing on Acquired Capability for Suicide: Ki-Yeon Nam, Young-Sil Kwon; STRESS. 2023;31(4):168-174. Published online December 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.4.168

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to examine the effects of trait and situational factors on suicidality among illicit drugs abusers.
Methods
Data were collected from 185 illicit drugs abusers in Korea who completed a survey to measure the risk-taking trait, impulsive behavior, acquired capability for suicide, thwarted interpersonal need, and suicidality. Multiple regression and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted for data analysis.
Results
The risk-taking trait affected the acquired capability for suicide by partially mediating the impulsive behavior. Additionally, the interaction effect between thwarted interpersonal need and acquired capability for suicide on suicidality was identified.
Conclusions
The higher risk-taking trait of illicit drugs abusers induced higher acquired capability for suicide, which actuates the suicidal desire. Additionally, the repeated exposure of impulsive behavior mediated the path. Furthermore, acquired capability for suicide moderated the relationship between thwarted interpersonal need and suicidality. This study examined the effects of trait and situational factors on suicidality of illicit drugs abusers.

Test Linking of Suicide Risk Assessment Instruments: Comparing Cut-Off Scores for Suicide Risk: Hwajeong Yu, Yuhwa Han, Sungeun You; STRESS. 2023;31(1):25-36. Published online March 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2023.31.1.25

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Abstract PDF: Background
Communicating the objective meaning of the cut-off criteria for high-risk among suicide risk assessment tools is challenging because they measure different aspects of suicide risk. This study aimed to provide comparable scores among widely used suicide assessment instruments by using test linking.
Methods
Linking was performed using the equipercentile method with the data of 400 adults. Then, for an independent sample of 165 adults, the validity of linking was tested by providing an overall percent agreement of group classification.
Results
Linking results indicated that the score of 4 on the C-SSRS corresponded to 8 on the DSI-SS and 16 on the SBQ-R, respectively. The overall percent agreement of group classification based on the cutoff score of 4 on the C-SSRS was high in both scales, supporting the validity of linking.
Conclusions
The study results provide comparable criteria for the high-risk group among the three measures. Mental health practitioners could utilize our results in identifying people at high suicide risk.

Qualitative Study on Experiences of Suicidal Ideation and Behavior among College Students: Donghee Jeong, Eun-Jung Shim; STRESS. 2022;30(4):204-212. Published online December 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.4.204

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1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
Suicide is a major cause of death among young adults, and elucidating their experiences of suicidal behavior is important in suicide prevention. This study aimed to explore the factors related to suicidal ideation and behavior in college students. Students’ responses and coping strategies for distress caused by these factors were also explored.
Methods
The study conducted semi-structured interview with 24 college students (mean age=21.3, 75% female) who were at elevated risk of suicide. The transcripts were analyzed based on the consensual qualitative research method.
Results
The participants reported experiencing repeated frustrations in pursuing academic and career paths, as well as social isolation, conflict, or social comparison. In response to these stressors, they experienced negative emotions, such as depression and feeling of being a burden. Negative thoughts about the self and future also emerged. A lack of understanding of why they experienced distress and how to manage the distress led the participants to engage in maladaptive responses, such as avoidance. These factors contributed to increasing their risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. Meanwhile, the factors that deterred them from making a lethal suicide attempt were their lack of capability, their concern about their family and friends, and social support from the latter.
Conclusions
Repeated frustration and interpersonal distress were major factors related to increased suicidal ideation and behavior in college students. Suicide prevention in young adults may benefit from addressing negative impact of these factors.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development and validation of suicide crisis scale for international students in South Korea
Ki-Hyun Choi, Jung Hee Ha, Juliet Jue
Frontiers in Psychology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Relationship between Stop Drinking Controllability, Hopelessness, Social Activity and Suicidality for Alcohol Use Disorder: Hye-Young Lee, Young-Sil Kwon, Myoung-Ho Hyun, Na-Rae Lee; STRESS. 2022;30(3):172-178. Published online September 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2022.30.3.172

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background
This study aimed to examine the relationship between suicidality, stop drinking controllability, hopelessness, and social activity in a population sample of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and to determine how AUD contributes to suicidal behavior.
Methods
A total of 252 participants diagnosed with AUD were surveyed, and multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results
Hopelessness fully mediated the relationship between the ability to stop drinking and suicidality. At low levels of social engagement, the relationship between hopelessness and suicidality was significantly modified by social activity.
Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that patients with AUD who were unable to successfully address their drinking problem and abstain from drinking were more likely to experience hopelessness. In addition, we concluded that hopelessness can lead to suicidal ideation or suicide attempts.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Study of the Emergence Process of Suicidal Ideation Among People with Alcohol Use Disorder in South Korea
Seong-Jun Maeng, Jun-Hyeok Kang, Sun Kyung Kang
Journal of Social Service Research.2026; 52(3): 508. CrossRef
The process of losing meaning in life among alcoholics
Seong-Jun Maeng, Jun-Hyeok Kang, Sun Kyung Kang, Dong-Jun Lee
Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development.2025; 35(2): 125. CrossRef

A Study on Attitude toward Suicide, Suicidal Ideation, Suicidal Behaviors in People with Mental Disorders in Community: Keun Young Park, Ji Young Kim; STRESS. 2021;29(1):60-67. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2021.29.1.60

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Abstract PDF: Background
This study aimed to examine the correlations among attitudes toward suicide, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors in people with mental disorders.
Methods
A descriptive research design was used. The participants were 172 patients with mental disorders selected from 12 mental health care facilities located in J and C Provinces in Korea. The study employed Attitudes Toward Suicide, the Scale for Suicide Ideation, and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale, using the SPSS WIN 23.0 program for data analysis.
Results
Attitudes toward suicide obtained 2.56 points out of five on average, 7.21 points out of 38 on suicidal thoughts, and 1.91 points out of four on suicidal behaviors. A attitudes toward suicide of people with mental disorders were significantly correlated with suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior.
Conclusions
This study suggested that the development of education programs for reducing suicidal ideation and behaviors should be based on the appropriate attitudes toward suicide of people with mental disorders in the community.

Development and Evaluation of a Self-Empowerment Intervention Program for Inpatient at High Risk of Suicide: Hee-Yeon Kim, Kuem-Sun Han; STRESS. 2019;27(3):240-250. Published online September 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2019.27.3.240

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Abstract PDF

Background:

The purpose of this study, which uses an nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design, was to develop of a self-empowerment intervention program for for inpatient at high risk of suicide, and to assess its effects on positive emotions (subjective well–being, psychological well–being, gratitude, optimism, Self-esteem), empowerment and suicide ideation.

Methods:

Data were collected from January to December, 2016. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of self-empowerment intervention program. The control group was granted general intervention program to the psychiatric ward. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS Win 20.0.

Results:

The results of this study showed the proposed self-empowerment intervention program for inpatient at high risk of suicide had the effect of improving positive emotions (subjective well–being, psychological well–being, gratitude, and optimism, self-esteem), empowerment and reducing the suicide ideation.

Conclusions:

The program, developed in accordance with King’s theory of goal attainment, will serve as a useful reference in developing standard guidelines for nursing intervention program suicide prevention in psychiatric department. The results are expected to contribute to the practice of intensive nursing care for inpatient at high risk of suicide.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Nurse-Led Intervention Programs Based on Goal Attainment Theory: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Bom-Mi Park
Healthcare.2021; 9(6): 699. CrossRef

Risk Factors Influencing Frequency of Suicidal Ideation in Korean Middle School Students: Applying Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression Model: KyungIm Kang, Chanhee Kim, Jaewon Joung; STRESS. 2019;27(3):232-239. Published online September 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2019.27.3.232

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background:

Suicide among Korean middle school students is a growing social concern. Exploring factors associated with suicide ideation is important for suicide prevention in middle school adolescents. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors influencing frequency of suicidal ideation among middle-school students in Korea.

Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The participants were 391 middle school students and data were obtained from the 13th wave of Korean Welfare Panel Study in 2018. Zero-inflated Negative Binomial Regression model was employed to identify risk factors.

Results:

Among participants, 67.3% reported they did not have current suicidal ideation. By zero- inflated negative binomial regression analysis, gender, grade, and peer attachment were found to be significant predictors in the count model, and depression/anxiety and parental neglect were found to be significant predictors in the logistic model. These findings suggest that middle school adolescents who were female, 3^rd grade students, or had lower peer attachment were associated with increased severity of suicidal ideation. Also, depression/anxiety and parental neglect were identified as risk factors affecting the future likelihood of suicidal ideation among middle school adolescents.

Conclusions:

Identified risk factors affecting severity and possibility of suicidal ideation may help health care providers to tailor effective suicide prevention interventions for middle school students.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Predictors of non-suicidal self-injury and moderating effects of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in Korean undergraduate students: Secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey
Yeo Won Jeong, Anthony A. Olashore
PLOS One.2026; 21(3): e0344175. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Frequency of Depressive Experiences Among Married Working Women in South Korea
Se Hui Jeong, Chan Mi Kang, Kyung Im Kang
Healthcare.2025; 13(5): 453. CrossRef

A Systematic Review of the Suicide Prevention Program for the Elderly: Taekyun Gwon, Heeseung Choi; STRESS. 2019;27(1):53-63. Published online March 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2019.27.1.53

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4 Citations

Abstract PDF

Background:

This study is a systematic review of literature to analyze the characteristics and effects of suicide prevention programs for the elderly.

Methods:

We systematically reviewed literature published from 2007 to 2018 in 8 domestic and foreign databases (KISS, NDSL, Koreamed, RISS, Pubmed, CINAHL, EMBASE, CENTRAL). The main search terms were ‘elderly’, ‘suicide’, ‘intervention program’, and included 8 articles matching the selection criteria in the final analysis. The program was divided into activities, counseling, and community support programs.

Results:

Most of the programs effectively reduced suicidal ideation and depression by reducing suicide risk factors and improving protective factors.

Conclusions:

As a result of the analysis, it was found that it is necessary to develop a specialized program for the prevention of suicide in the elderly considering social, environmental, personal and community characteristics.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dual mediating effects of changes in daily life and anxiety on the relationship between occupation and depression in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic
Soo-bi Lee, Ye-bin Jeon, Myeong-Sook Yoon
BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The Double Mediating Effect of Family Support and Family Relationship Satisfaction on Self-Compassion and Meaning in Life among Korean Baby Boomers
Yu-soo Jeong, Young-soon Lee
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(16): 9806. CrossRef
An Exploratory Study on How and Why Young and Middle-aged Adults Disclose Depressive Feelings to Others: Focusing on the Influence of Perception of Social Norms
Soontae An, Hannah Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(1): 12. CrossRef
Influence of socio-economic deprivation on the change patterns of depression in young adults: Focusing on seven areas of deprivation
Soo-Bi Lee, Yoonjoo Choi, Hyunok Lee
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2021; 38(5): 45. CrossRef

Moderating Effects of Reasons for Living and Impulsivity on the Relationship between Stress and Suicidal Ideation among College Students: Sung Hye Kim; Korean J Str Res. 2016;24(3):103-113. Published online September 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.17547/kjsr.2016.24.3.103

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3 Citations

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to examine moderating effects of relationship reasons for living between stress and suicidal ideation among college students. The subject of this study were 608 college students and subjects completed a test of stress, reasons for living, Impulsivity, suicidal ideation. The data were analyzed by corrlation analysis, hierarchical analysis. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, stress were significantly affected to the suicidal ideation. Second, reasons for living, Impulsivity moderated the association between stress and suicidal ideation. Based upon these findings we suggested to develop comprehensive suicidal prevention program and the implications and limitations of these findings were discussed, and directions for future studies were also proposed.

Citations

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Mediating Effect of Quality of Sleep Moderated by Meaning in Life on the Relationship between Hwabyung and Suicidal Ideation in Middle-Aged Korean Women
Goo-Churl Jeong, Jae-Sun An, Sun-Hwa Shin
Behavioral Sciences.2023; 13(6): 509. CrossRef
A Study on Attitude toward Suicide, Suicidal Ideation, Suicidal Behaviors in People with Mental Disorders in Community
Keun Young Park, Ji Young Kim
STRESS.2021; 29(1): 60. CrossRef
Psychosocial factors affecting sleep quality of pre-employed firefighters: a cross-sectional study
MyeongSeob Lim, Solam Lee, Kwanghyun Seo, Hyun-Jeong Oh, Ji-Su Shin, Sung-Kyung Kim, Hee-Tae Kang, Kyeong-Sook Jeong, Sung-Soo Oh, Sang-Baek Koh, Yeon-Soon Ahn
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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