1부산대학교 심리학과 석사 수료
2부산대학교 심리학과 교수
1Master’s Student, Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
2Professor, Department of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
Copyright © 2024 Korean Society of Stress Medicine.
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Session | Components | Contents |
---|---|---|
1 | Psychoeducation | Discuss depression and introduce the treatment rationale; cover key points about the structure of this treatment |
Daily monitoring | Record daily activities in hourly intervals; rate enjoyment and importance of each activity; rate overall mood for the day | |
2 | Life areas, values and activities inventory | Identify values in different life areas; organize activities that align with these values; rate enjoyment and importance of activities |
3 | Activity selection and ranking | Choose 15 activities to implement during the intervention, based on the activities organized in the Session 2 and rank them by difficulty level |
4 | Daily monitoring with activity planning | Plan a specific time, place and strategy for each activity |
Mental imagery of planned activitiesa) | Imagine following therapist-guided instructions for 2 of the planned activities | |
5 | Contracts | Develop a strategy to seek support for activities that are difficult to engage in |
6~8 | Review of treatment concepts | Review treatment concepts from sessions 1-5 |
Preparing for end of treatment | Compare daily monitoring from the first session to the last session to observe changes; identify patterns that worsen depressive symptoms and activities that help break the negative cycle; organize activities post-treatment activities |
Variables | Sources | SS | DF | MS | F | η2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Depressive symptoms | Between-subjects | Group | 3.010 | 1 | 3.010 | 0.046 | .002 |
Error | 1438.229 | 22 | 65.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 1471.229 | 3 | 490.483 | 31.998a) | .593 | |
Time*Group | 17.115 | 3 | 5.705 | .372 | .017 | ||
Error | 1011.688 | 66 | 15.329 | ||||
Behavioral activation | Between-subjects | Group | 1086.760 | 1 | 1086.760 | 1.295 | .056 |
Error | 18466 | 22 | 839.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 26984.115 | 2.243 | 8994.705 | 26.495a) | .546 | |
Time*Group | 483.448 | 2.243 | 215.526 | .475 | .021 | ||
Error | 22406.188 | 49.348 | 454.042 | ||||
Activity anticipation | Between-subjects | Group | 3.010 | 1 | 3.010 | 0.046 | .002 |
Error | 1438.229 | 22 | 65.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 13.633 | 4 | 3.408 | 5.779a) | .208 | |
Time*Group | 0.867 | 4 | 0.217 | 0.367 | .016 | ||
Error | 51.900 | 88 | .590 | ||||
Activity motivation | Between-subjects | Group | 27.075 | 1 | 27.075 | 4.504b) | .170 |
Error | 1438.229 | 22 | 65.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 8.283 | 2.483 | 3.397 | 4.993 | .185 | |
Time*Group | .217 | 2.438 | 0.499 | 0.733 | .032 | ||
Error | 36.500 | 53.638 | .680 | ||||
Activity participation rates | Between-subjects | Group | 21843.008 | 1 | 21843.008 | 11.490c) | .343 |
Error | 41823.717 | 22 | 1901.078 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 1529.617 | 2.631 | 647.964 | 1.330 | .057 | |
Time*Group | 3042.117 | 2.361 | 1288.678 | 2.646 | .107 | ||
Error | 25297.867 | 51.934 | 487.113 |
Session | Components | Contents |
---|---|---|
1 | Psychoeducation | Discuss depression and introduce the treatment rationale; cover key points about the structure of this treatment |
Daily monitoring | Record daily activities in hourly intervals; rate enjoyment and importance of each activity; rate overall mood for the day | |
2 | Life areas, values and activities inventory | Identify values in different life areas; organize activities that align with these values; rate enjoyment and importance of activities |
3 | Activity selection and ranking | Choose 15 activities to implement during the intervention, based on the activities organized in the Session 2 and rank them by difficulty level |
4 | Daily monitoring with activity planning | Plan a specific time, place and strategy for each activity |
Mental imagery of planned activities |
Imagine following therapist-guided instructions for 2 of the planned activities | |
5 | Contracts | Develop a strategy to seek support for activities that are difficult to engage in |
6~8 | Review of treatment concepts | Review treatment concepts from sessions 1-5 |
Preparing for end of treatment | Compare daily monitoring from the first session to the last session to observe changes; identify patterns that worsen depressive symptoms and activities that help break the negative cycle; organize activities post-treatment activities |
Variables | BAT-I (N=12) |
BAT (N=12) |
t/χ2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
M (SD)/N (%) | M (SD)/N (%) | |||
Age | 27 (8.48) | 28 (7.01) | .67 | .72 |
Sex (female) | 9 (75) | 7 (58.3) | .75 | .67 |
Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) | 16.58 (4.9) | 15.67 (5.58) | 1.80 | .67 |
Behavioral activation (K-BADS) | 63.25 (23.89) | 63.75 (15.15) | 1.29 | .95 |
Treatment expectancy (CEQ-E) | −1.04 (2.75) | 1.04 (2.40) | 1.97 | .06 |
Variables | Sources | SS | DF | MS | F | η2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Depressive symptoms | Between-subjects | Group | 3.010 | 1 | 3.010 | 0.046 | .002 |
Error | 1438.229 | 22 | 65.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 1471.229 | 3 | 490.483 | 31.998 |
.593 | |
Time*Group | 17.115 | 3 | 5.705 | .372 | .017 | ||
Error | 1011.688 | 66 | 15.329 | ||||
Behavioral activation | Between-subjects | Group | 1086.760 | 1 | 1086.760 | 1.295 | .056 |
Error | 18466 | 22 | 839.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 26984.115 | 2.243 | 8994.705 | 26.495 |
.546 | |
Time*Group | 483.448 | 2.243 | 215.526 | .475 | .021 | ||
Error | 22406.188 | 49.348 | 454.042 | ||||
Activity anticipation | Between-subjects | Group | 3.010 | 1 | 3.010 | 0.046 | .002 |
Error | 1438.229 | 22 | 65.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 13.633 | 4 | 3.408 | 5.779 |
.208 | |
Time*Group | 0.867 | 4 | 0.217 | 0.367 | .016 | ||
Error | 51.900 | 88 | .590 | ||||
Activity motivation | Between-subjects | Group | 27.075 | 1 | 27.075 | 4.504 |
.170 |
Error | 1438.229 | 22 | 65.374 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 8.283 | 2.483 | 3.397 | 4.993 | .185 | |
Time*Group | .217 | 2.438 | 0.499 | 0.733 | .032 | ||
Error | 36.500 | 53.638 | .680 | ||||
Activity participation rates | Between-subjects | Group | 21843.008 | 1 | 21843.008 | 11.490 |
.343 |
Error | 41823.717 | 22 | 1901.078 | ||||
Within-subjects | Time | 1529.617 | 2.631 | 647.964 | 1.330 | .057 | |
Time*Group | 3042.117 | 2.361 | 1288.678 | 2.646 | .107 | ||
Error | 25297.867 | 51.934 | 487.113 |
Variables | Group | Sessions |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 (pre) | 4 (mid) | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 (post) | f/u | ||
M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | ||
Depressive symptoms | BAT-I | 16.58 (4.91) | 11.67 (4.91) | 7.08 (4.76) | 6.25 (3.47) | |||
BAT | 15.67 (5.58) | 13.08 (6.59) | 7.33 (4.39) | 6.91 (6.78) | ||||
Behavioral activation | BAT-I | 63.25 (23.89) | 80.33 (23.18) | 108.83 (15.39) | 104.83 (20.88) | |||
BAT | 63.75 (15.15) | 72.5 (20.58) | 101.08 (19.11) | 93.00 (30.27) | ||||
Activity anticipation | BAT-I | 5.08 (.90) | 5.08 (.79) | 5.42 (1.17) | 5.50 (1.09) | 5.83 (1.16) | ||
BAT | 4.58 (1.24) | 4.25 (.62) | 4.83 (1.19) | 5.25 (1.29) | 5.25 (.97) | |||
Activity motivation | BAT-I | 5.50 (1.17) | 5.92 (.90) | 6.08 (.97) | 6.33 (1.07) | 6.42 (.97) | ||
BAT | 4.75 (1.54) | 5.00 (1.35) | 5.25 (1.36) | 5.42 (1.38) | 5.08 (1.44) | |||
Activity participation (%) | BAT-I | 86.17 (21.22) | 98.50 (5.20) | 87.42 (18.64) | 97.83 (5.49) | 95.92 (9.73) | ||
BAT | 67.25 (32.86) | 74.25 (32.05) | 72.41 (27.86) | 55.5 (35.41) | 61.5 (31.87) |
Imagery of planned activities is conducted from session 4 through session 8 via video conference.
M: mean, SD: Standard deviation, PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9, K-BADS: Korean Version of Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale, CEQ-E: Credibility Expectations Questionnaire-Expectancy.
p<.001, p<.05, p<.01. SS: Sum Square, DF: Degree of Freedom, MS: Mean Square.
Score range: Depressive symptoms=0∼27, Behavioral activation=0∼150, Activity anticipation=1∼7, Activity motivation=1∼7, Activity participation (%)=0∼100.