서일대학교 간호학과
Department of Nursing, Seoil University, Seoul, Korea
Copyright: © The Korean Journal of Stress Research
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| Stress perception factors | Low | High | Very high | p (Model fit) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | ||
| Metabolic syndrome | |||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.71 2) | .59~.85 | 0.67 2) | .55~83 | 0.77 | .54~1.10 | <.0001 |
| Model I | 1.13 | .89~1.43 | 1.08 | .80~1.43 | 1.08 | .67~1.71 | <.0001 |
| Model II | 0.82 | .67~1.01 | 0.75 1) | .58~.94 | 0.77 | .51~1.15 | <.0001 |
| Model III | 1.22 | .94~1.59 | 1.13 | .82~1.54 | 0.99 | .59~1.63 | <.0001 |
| Clinical determinants of MS | |||||||
| WC | 1.20 | .99~1.44 | 0.99 | .81~1.22 | 0.84 | .60~1.17 | <.0001 |
| HDL | 1.14 2) | .95~1.36 | 1.18 2) | .97~1.44 | 1.25 | .89~1.75 | <.0001 |
| TG | 1.08 | .89~1.30 | 1.08 | .8~1.28 | 0.96 | .69~1.31 | <.0001 |
| HBP | 1.66 2) | 1.40~1.97 | 2.01 2) | 1.66~2.43 | 1.23 | .89~1.71 | <.0001 |
| FBS | 1.33 2) | 1.13~1.56 | 1.47 2) | 1.18~1.81 | 1.41 | .98~2.03 | <.0001 |
Model I: adjusted for demographic characteristics (age, sex, BMI, education, marriage, income, occupation).
Model II: adjusted for lifestyle characteristics (smoking, alcohol, exercise).
Model III: adjusted for demographic & lifestyle characteristics.
OR: Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval.
1) p<.05,
2) p<.001.
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| Characteristics | Non-MS n=4,394 | MS n=2,064 | t or χ2 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| M±SE or n(%) | |||||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Age (year) | 44.042 | 56.353 | −24.4 | <.001 | |
| BMI | kg/m2 | 22.907 | 26.411 | −27.8 | <.001 |
| Gender | Male | 1,714 (66.4) | 1,009 (33.6) | 36.3 | <.001 |
| Female | 2,359 (74.7) | 1,055 (25.4) | |||
| Education level | ≤Elementary school | 529 (43.6) | 712 (56.4) | 410.2 | <.001 |
| Middle school | 328 (57.9) | 259 (42.1) | |||
| High school | 1,220 (73.9) | 507 (26.1) | |||
| ≥College | 1,753 (79.8) | 459 (20.2) | |||
| Marital status | Unmarried | 849 (86.6) | 134 (13.4) | 253.4 | <.001 |
| Married | 2,813 (68.0) | 1,487 (32.0) | |||
| Divorced | 236 (42.4) | 340 (57.6) | |||
| Separated by death | 171 (67.8) | 103 (32.2) | |||
| Income | Very Low (1/4) | 952 (67.1) | 568 (32.9) | 10.5 | 0.014 |
| Low (2/4) | 1,016 (70.7) | 531 (29.3) | |||
| High (3/4) | 1,009 (71.3) | 501 (28.7) | |||
| Very High (4/4) | 1,080 (73.1) | 455 (26.9) | |||
| Occupation | No | 1,370 (66.9) | 890 (33.1) | 16.2 | <.001 |
| Yes | 2,458 (72.6) | 1,047 (27.4) | |||
| Life style characteristics | |||||
| Exercise | No | 2,057 (67.0) | 1,248 (33.0) | 33.2 | <.001 |
| Yes | 1,766 (74.7) | 687 (25.3) | |||
| Smoking (pack/year) | 57.4 (3.2) | 86.0 (5.3) | −4.87 | <.001 | |
| Smoking | No | 2,517 (74.2) | 1,131 (25.8) | 36.3 | <.001 |
| Past | 824 (65.2) | 504 (34.8) | |||
| Now | 685 (66.8) | 398 (33.2) | |||
| Alcohol consumption (glass/month) | 27.7 (0.8) | 36.8 (1.8) | −4.5 | <.001 | |
| Alcohol consumption | Non | 601 (66.4) | 368 (33.6) | 48.7 | <.001 |
| ≤time/month | 1,193 (75.0) | 498 (25.0) | |||
| 2~4/month | 989 (76.8) | 345 (23.2) | |||
| 2~3/week | 629 (69.3) | 300 (30.7) | |||
| 4≤week | 255 (60.7) | 183 (39.3) | |||
| Stress Perception | Non-MS n=4,022 | MS n=2,030 | p (t) | MS score | p (F) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| 0 n=1,411 | 1 n=1,413 | 2 n=1,198 | 3 n=979 | 4 n=704 | 5 n=347 | |||||
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| n(%) | n(%) | |||||||||
| Very low | 577 (64.1) | 409 (35.9) | 0.002 (14.7) | 163 (21.0) | 208 (22.9) | 206 (20.3) | 203 (18.2) | 133 (11.5) | 73 (6.1) | <0.001 (38.1) |
| Low | 2,307 (71.5) | 1,097 (28.5) | 817 (27.5) | 815 (24.2) | 675 (19.8) | 531 (14.3) | 401 (10.3) | 165 (3.9) | ||
| High | 962 (72.6) | 431 (27.4) | 376 (29.4) | 325 (24.0) | 261 (19.2) | 204 (13.4) | 138 (8.3) | 89 (5.7) | ||
| Very high | 176 (69.8) | 93 (30.2) | 55 (23.5) | 65 (26.3) | 56 (19.9) | 41 (12.4) | 32 (12.4) | 20 (6.3) | ||
| Stress perception factors | Low | High | Very high | p (Model fit) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | ||
| Metabolic syndrome | |||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.71
|
.59~.85 | 0.67
|
.55~83 | 0.77 | .54~1.10 | <.0001 |
| Model I | 1.13 | .89~1.43 | 1.08 | .80~1.43 | 1.08 | .67~1.71 | <.0001 |
| Model II | 0.82 | .67~1.01 | 0.75
|
.58~.94 | 0.77 | .51~1.15 | <.0001 |
| Model III | 1.22 | .94~1.59 | 1.13 | .82~1.54 | 0.99 | .59~1.63 | <.0001 |
| Clinical determinants of MS | |||||||
| WC | 1.20 | .99~1.44 | 0.99 | .81~1.22 | 0.84 | .60~1.17 | <.0001 |
| HDL | 1.14
|
.95~1.36 | 1.18
|
.97~1.44 | 1.25 | .89~1.75 | <.0001 |
| TG | 1.08 | .89~1.30 | 1.08 | .8~1.28 | 0.96 | .69~1.31 | <.0001 |
| HBP | 1.66
|
1.40~1.97 | 2.01
|
1.66~2.43 | 1.23 | .89~1.71 | <.0001 |
| FBS | 1.33
|
1.13~1.56 | 1.47
|
1.18~1.81 | 1.41 | .98~2.03 | <.0001 |
Non-MS: Non-Metabolic Syndrome; MS: Metabolic Syndrome. Number of observations=6,458, weighted observations=41,717,139. Missing cases are included.
MS: Metabolic Syndrome; Non-MS: Non-Metabolic Syndrome. Missing cases are included.
Model I: adjusted for demographic characteristics (age, sex, BMI, education, marriage, income, occupation). Model II: adjusted for lifestyle characteristics (smoking, alcohol, exercise). Model III: adjusted for demographic & lifestyle characteristics. OR: Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval. p<.05, p<.001.